高校教师薪酬研究:概念、理论及实证研究进展

The Progress of Research on University Teachers’ Salaries:Concept,Theory and Empirical Research

国务院《关于全面深化新时代教师队伍建设改革的意见》明确提出扩大高等学校收入分配自主权,预示着我国高校教师薪酬制度即将面临新一轮改革。在此背景之下,本文从概念、理论和实证三个方面,系统梳理国内外高校教师薪酬相关研究,结果发现:(1)国内研究在薪酬管理理论方面的探索不够深入,一些经济学、管理学的前沿理论没有被引入高校教师工资分析中,结合“双一流”建设等中国特色情境的理论创新更加缺乏;(2)国内缺乏基于随机抽样的大规模高校教师工资微观调查,且在高校教师工资影响因素的实证分析方面尚显不足;(3)国内在高校教师工资制度设计方面的研究较为少见,而且缺乏兼具国际理论前沿和中国特色的工资制度设计方案。据此,本文认为,未来研究可以基于经济学、管理学相关理论的最新发展,通过国际比较和国内大规模高校教师薪酬微观调查,设计既能够体现充分尊重高校教师劳动价值规律,又关注教师人力资本价值实现的教师薪酬制度。

The China State Council’s "Opinions on Fully Deepening the Reform of Teachers’ Team Construction in the New Era"clearly proposes to expand the autonomy of income distribution in universities and colleges,which indicates that the salary system of teachers in Chinese universities is about to confront a new round of reform. Under this background,this paper takes three perspectives from concept,theory and empirical analysis,to systematically comb the relevant research on the university teachers’ salaries at home and abroad. The results show that:( 1) domestic research is not deep enough on the theory of salary management,some frontier theories of economics and management have not been introduced into the analysis of university teachers’ salaries,and there is especially a lack of theoretical innovation which combines with the Chinese characteristics such as the "double first-class"construction.( 2) There is a lack of large-scale survey based on random sampling on university teachers’ salaries in China,and the empirical studies of influencing factors of university teachers’ salaries are still insufficient;( 3) domestic research on the design of university teachers’ salary system is relatively rare,and there is a lack of salary system design scheme with both international theoretical frontier and Chinese characteristics. Accordingly,this paper argues that future research can be based on the latest development of relevant theories of economics and management,through international comparison and domestic large-scale survey on university teachers’ salaries,in order to design a salary system which not only reflects the fully respect of the law of labor value of university teachers,but also focuses on the fulfillment of the value of human capital of university teachers.