线缆式海底地震观测技术——以浯屿岛海底地震观测台为例

Cabled seafloor observation technology:a case study of the submarine seismic station in Wuyu Island

地球科学研究的新型观测平台——线缆式海底地震观测台(网),是一种基于海底光电复合缆的光电传输技术,将传统的陆地地震观测台站向海区延伸、弥补海区地震观测台站的不足,实现实时、长期连续观测地球内部过程的新技术,目前已成为海洋科学的创新性研究平台,相关的技术方法也有了突飞猛进的进步.2018年,我国研发建设的“福建近海海底地震观测台”,在前人探索研究的基础上,突破了线缆式海底地震观测台(网)关键技术,实现数据实时传输功能,具备进入地震行业网的能力.经过超过三个月的试运行检验,证实了系统的稳定性和可靠性.本文详细介绍了福建浯屿岛海底地震台(网)研发的关键技术与建设流程、关键技术环节相关规范和检测结果.地震采集数据结果表明,浯屿岛海底地震观测台实现了数据实时流服务,并可接入中国地震局JOPENS系统,数据实时传输正常,并自动存储实时波形数据;试运行期间以实际99%以上的高运行率,达到了国家测震台网管理规定的优秀标准.研发结果可为我国今后的海底地震观测台(网)建设提供重要参考指标与经验借鉴.

The submarine cabled seafloor seismic station (network), a new type of observation platform for Earth Science research, is a new technology based on submarine optoelectronic composite cable, which extends the traditional onshore seismic station to offshore area, covers the shortage of the seismic station in offshore area, and realizes real-time and long-term continuous observation of earthquakes and earth′s internal processes. It has become an innovative research platform for marine science presently and relevant technologies have also made great progress. In 2018, the Fujian offshore seismic station was developed and constructed in China. Based on the previous research, breakthrough progress has been made for the key technology of submarine cabled seismic observation such as underwater connection technique, etc., and the real-time network access function was realized. It has the ability to enter the seismic industry network of China Earthquake Administration. The stability and reliability of the system have been verified by the real-time observation for more than three months. In this paper, the key technologies and construction processes, key technical links, relevant specifications and test results of the research and development of the submarine seismic station (network) in Wuyu Island, Fujian Province are introduced in detail. The earthquake data acquisition show that the data flow service is realized and the connection with CEA′s JOPENS system is stable. Real-time data transmission is normal and real-time waveform data is automatically stored. During the period of trial operation, the operation rate is more than 99% and it has reached the excellent standard stipulated by the national seismological network management. The results of research and development can provide important reference index and experience for the construction of Chinese submarine cabled Seismic Observatory (network) in the future.