《红楼梦》食物类复合词构词类型及其特点

Types and Characteristics of Word-formation of Food Compound Words in A Dream in Red Mansion

学者多从语言文化、翻译学视角关注《红楼梦》的语言问题。根据《红楼梦食物大观》收录的“红楼食谱”分析归纳出《红楼梦》食物类复合词的构词法,通过与《金瓶梅》中的食物类复合词以及已有复合词的研究数据进行对比,发现食物类复合词的构词同样存在主谓式基本上不存在、偏正式占大多数的不对称特点。这一特点也揭示了食物类复合词甚至汉语语法的规律,即附接型(主谓式、偏正式、联合式)是汉语复合词构词的基本框架,具有一定的普遍性。

Most scholars pay attention to the language problems in a dream of red mansions from the perspective of language culture and translation. According to the food names in the recipe collected by the Grand View of A Dream in Red Mansions , the word-formation of the food name compounds have been concluded in this paper. Compared the food name compounds in The Golden Lotus and the data from the previous study, it is found that food compound words also have the asymmetric feature that the subject-predicate form basically does not exist and partial formal type is in the majority, Which reveals the rule of food name compounds and even the rule of Chinese grammar that the attachment type (subject-predicate type, partial formal type, joint type) is the basic framework of Chinese compound words with certain universality.