不同放牧方式下牧户定居点放牧半径内草场植物群落多样性研究——以中蒙两国边境对应苏木内牧户为例

Study on the Diversity of Pasture Plant Communities in the Grazing Radius of Herdsmen Settlement under Different Grazing Patterns——Taking the Border between China and Mongolia as an Example

为探讨不同放牧方式下牧户定居点放牧半径内(750m)草场植物群落多样性变化情况,以中蒙两国边境线两侧对应苏木内牧户定居点为中心,对不同放牧半径内的草场进行植物样方采集和数据分析。得出结果如下:纳兰苏木(蒙古国)样地内,在300m放牧半径范围内,草场植物群落多样性指数水平较低,样方间植物相似度较低,物种间更替速度快,样方生境差异较大,而300m放牧半径范围外,草场植物群落的多样性指数上升明显并趋于稳定;那仁宝拉格苏木(中国)样地内,植物群落多样性指数整体来看呈相近水平,与放牧半径间无显著相关性,但值得注意的是,样方间植物更迭速度一直处于较高水平,若出现不当的人为活动干预,草场容易出现整体退化现象。

In order to explore the change trend of plant community diversity in pastoral grazing radius( 750 m) under different grazing patterns,the article focuses on the settlements of Sumu Nei in both sides of the border between China and Mongolia,and within different grazing radii. Plant plot collection and data analysis were performed on the grassland. The results were as follows: At the Nalan Sumu( Mongolia) plot,within the 300 m grazing radius,the grassland plant community diversity index level and the plant similarity between the sample plants were low and the species exchange rate was fast. The sample habitat was quite different. Outside the grazing radius of 300 m,the diversity index of grassland plant community increased significantly and stabilized. At the Naibao Lager Sumu( China) plot,the plant community diversity index was similar to the whole level. There was no significant correlation between grazing radii. However,it is worth noting that the rate of plant turnover had always been at a high level. If there is improper human intervention,the grassland will be prone to overall degradation.