紫花苜蓿微卫星(SSR)标记技术在草学本科遗传学实验教学中的应用

Application of Alfalfa Microsatellite( SSR) Marker Technology in Genetics Experiment Teaching of Grass Science

科研与教学相结合,以科研促进教学,是高等教育教学改革的重要内容之一。目前,草学本科专业的遗传学实验教学仍然以传统的验证和示范性实验为主,而与草类植物研究相结合的综合性、设计性实验较少,使当前教学与科研实际相脱节,学生科研思维及实验技能得不到训练和提高。笔者以多年的草类植物分子标记研究为基础,将微卫星分子标记与紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)的遗传特性研究相结合,在实验过程中学生掌握了紫花苜蓿微卫星分子标记、DNA提取、PCR扩增、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳等的原理和方法,同时实验引入分子遗传学的相关概念和方法,研究了紫花苜蓿的遗传特性,从而达到了培养学生综合运用知识、分析、解决和探索科学问题的能力。

Combining scientific research with teaching for promoting the development of teaching is an important part of higher education teaching reform. At present,the genetic experiment teaching of grass undergraduates is still based on traditional verification and demonstration experiments,while the comprehensive and design experiments combined with herbaceous plant research are few. Students’ scientific research thinking and experimental skills are not trained and improved. Based on many years of research on molecular markers of herbaceous plants,we combined microsatellite markers with genetic characteristics of alfalfa. During the experiment,the students mastered the principles and methods of Alfalfa microsatellite markers,DNA extraction,PCR amplification and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. At the same time,the related concepts and methods of molecular genetics were introduced to study the genetic characteristics of alfalfa,so as to achieve the purpose of training students’ comprehensive knowledge and analysis and the ability to solve and explore scientific problems.