论家事诉讼未成年人利益代理人制度的构建

On the Construction of the Minority Interest Agents System in Family Litigation

家事诉讼以未成年人利益最大化为首要原则,未成年人在诉讼中有独立的诉讼主体地位,为满足其诉讼主体地位的要求,很多国家建立了未成年人利益代理人制度。未成年人利益代理人是有独立法律地位的诉讼参与人,其通过参与整个诉讼程序维护儿童利益。我国正处于家事审判改革时期,还未建立未成年人利益代理人制度。作为联合国《儿童权利公约》的缔约国,应当秉承公约精神,以未成年人利益最大化为指导原则,借鉴国外成熟的制度经验,构建符合我国国情的未成年人利益代理人制度,这是当下家事审判改革的重要任务。我国在制度构建方面,需要在利益代理人的选聘资格和方法,适用条件及其代理费用,诉讼中的作用等诸多方面进行研究。

Family litigation is based on the maximization of the interests of minors.Minors have independent litigant status in litigation.In order to meet the requirements of their subject status,many countries have established a system of minors’agent of interest.A minor interest agent is a litigation participant with independent legal status who protects the child’s interests by participating in the entire proceedings.China is in the period of family trial reform,and has not established a system of agents for the interests of minors.As a State Party to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child,we should uphold the spirit of the Convention,take the maximization of the interests of minors as the guiding principle,learn from the mature institutional experience of foreign countries,and build a system of agents of minors’interests in line with China’s national conditions.This is the current family affairs.In terms of system construction,China needs to study the qualifications and methods of interest agents,the applicable conditions and their agency fees,and the role of litigation.