用生物经济学方法研究猪生产性状的经济权重

Economic Weight of Production Traits for Swine with Bio-Economic Model

建立了生物经济学模型模拟商品猪群生产过程 ,用差额法结合系统分析原理计算养猪生产中 8个主要生产性状的边际效益。结果表明 ,在设定的市场生产条件下 ,母猪繁殖寿命 (胎 )、窝活仔数 (只 )、仔猪出生体重 (kg)、日增重 (g)、饲料转化效率 (kg/ kg)、屠宰率 (% )、瘦肉率 (% )及肉质指数 (% )的边际效益分别为1.6 4,7.6 5 ,4 .2 3,0 .11,- 99.0 0 ,8.0 8,10 .6 9及 7.13元。市场生产条件及性状水平的变化对边际效益的影响为饲料成本提高 30 % ,使饲料转化效率的边际效益也提高 30 % ;非饲料成本提高 30 % ,母猪繁殖寿命的边际效益提高 6 1% ;出栏猪体重由 95 kg提高到 110 kg,生长肥育及胴体品质性状的边际效益提高 16 %～ 2 1% ;窝活仔数提高 2头 ,繁殖性状边际效益下降 3%～ 30 % ;日增重水平提高 5 0 g/日 ,边际效益下降 11%。本文介绍的模型也可用于估计传统模型难以估计的性状的边际效益 ,如成活率、产仔间隔、受胎率等 。

The economic weights of production traits are foundation information in swine breeding. In the study, a bio economic model was integrated to estimate the marginal profits of the goal traits which includes reproduction longevity (litter), litter size born alive (pig/litter), body weight at birth (kg), daily gain (g/day), feed conversion efficiency (kg/kg), dressing rate (%), lean meat percentage (%) and meat quality index (%). The results showed that in the default market and production condition, the marginal profits for the above goal traits were 1.64, 7.65, 4.23, 0.11, -99.00, 8.08, 10.69 and 7.13 RMB, respectively. The effects of market production conditions and genetic improvement on the marginal profits of these traits were also analyzed. The model can also be used to estimate the economic weights of the traits such as survivability, reproduction gap, conception rate, where it is difficult under traditional models.