天山天格尔山南北坡气温变化特征研究

Temperature Variations in the Southern and Northern Slopes of Mt. Tianger in the Tianshan Mountains

对新疆天山天格尔山南北坡气温变化的不同特征的分析 ,揭示该区域气候增温过程的原因和环流形势 .分析得出 :山前平原地区气温上升幅度远大于中山带和高山区 ,冬季增温是年平均气温升高的主要原因 .北坡及山前地区升温幅度大于南坡 ,昌吉 195 4— 1996年 1月升温速率为 0 12 1℃·a-1;而库尔勒 195 9— 1996年 1月升温速率为 0 0 82 2℃·a-1.中山带和高山区气温变幅很小 ,中山带1月份甚至出现微弱的降温 ,乌鲁木齐河流域高山区大西沟气象站气温变化较小 ,出现微弱的升温趋势 .冬季北坡逆温层远较南坡发育 .南坡 196 7年 ,北坡 196 9年冬季均出现近 4 0a来的最低温 ,196 1年和 1975年乌鲁木齐出现夏季及年平均气温的突变 .

This paper analyses the major features of temperature variations in southern and northern slopes of Mt. Tianger in the Tianshan Mountains. The following conclusions are obtained: (1) The temperature warming in the plain outside the mountains is higher than that inside the mountains; the increase range of temperature in the northern slopes is higher than that in the southern slopes. (2) Warm winter is the main fact of climate variation for the recent 40 a (1959-1996). (3) The temperature warming rate is 0\^121℃\5a\+\{-1\} and 0\^0822 ℃\5a\+\{-1\} in Changji and Korla in January, respectively. In Daxigou at the headwaters of the rümqi River there is less temperature variation.