中日现代武术(武道)比较研究

Comparative Study between the Modern Chinese Wushu and Japanese Budo

采用文献资料法、现场考察访谈法,探讨中国武术与日本武道之同异。主要结论:中日两国都把武术作为传统文化加以保护发展,由于历史与观念的差异,日本人崇尚武道,尊敬理想化的武士,把武道作为教育的手段,作为完整人格形成之道推行,习武阶层较广;中国传统崇文轻武,以圣人贤士作为偶像,中国人注重表现武术内容的多样性和艺术性,重视武术的健身、怡情与竞赛,习武的群体集中在弱势群体中。

The differences between Chinese wushu and Japanese budo were studied with document research and on-thespot observation.The main conclusion is that both Chinese and Japanese governments treat martial arts as their traditional culture and try to protect and develop them.Due to the historical and ideological differences,the Japanese respect budo (military arts) and perfect knights.They use budo as means of education to promote perfect characters,which attract interests of people of all fields.But traditionally the Chinese worship literature over martial arts and respect the Sages and scholars.They attach great importance to the varieties and skills of wushu (martial arts),treating them as practical ways of keeping fit,cheering the heart and composing the mind,which attract the interests of only the young and the weak.