高分辨率地震数据采集中的高频补偿

High frequency compensation in high resolution seismic data acquisition

针对地层的高频吸收衰减导致地震勘探分辨率不高 ,分析了 3种滤波器的高频补偿原理及效果 .认为高截频的低切滤波器是通过衰减低频来相对提升高频的 ,它具有较高的高频提升速率 ,可以有效地提高地震勘探的分辨率 ,但经滤波后的信号 ,缺少必要的低频成分 ,对分辨率的提高会产生不利影响 ;频谱整形滤波器的高频提升速率低 ,高频补偿严重不足 ,它对分辨率的改善不会起到明显的作用 ;频谱均衡滤波器对高频进行绝对补偿 ,且具有较高的高频提升速率 。

To cope with the problem of low resolution in seismic prospecting caused by high frequency absorption of strata, three kinds of filters and their high frequency compensation principle and effects have been discussed in this paper. Low\|cut filters (LCF) with relatively high cut\|off frequency give rise to the high frequency signal by attenuating its low frequency portion relatively, they have relatively high compensation rate, thus can improve the resolution of seismic prospecting effectively. but they also have the side effects due to the shortage of necessary low frequency contents after filtering. Spectrum shaping filter has low compensation rate and it has very low compensation in high frequency, thus it can not improve the resolution of seismic prospecting apparently. Spectrum equilibrium filter can compensate high frequency absolutely and has high compensation rate, it can improve the resolution of seismic prospecting to a great extent.