从民族学资料看南方民族的古代文化英雄

About the cultural heroes of ancient Chinese Southern nationalities through reference of ethology

我国南方民族有丰富多采、瑰丽异常的英雄神话。综观这类神话的内涵 ,依题材和情节约可分为两类 :首先是关于文物器用发明者、即所谓文化英雄的神话 ,例如原始农业的产生 ,火神的由来 ,文字和艺术的起源等 ,这是原始初民企图追寻与人类生活密切相关的某种文化起源而创造的 ;其次 ,是反映人类征服自然力的英雄。原始人类的生活环境十分艰苦 ,各种自然灾害层出不穷 ,青蛇猛兽亦时常威胁着初民的生命安全。他们必须在极端困难的条件下 ,同恶劣的自然环境开展斗争 ,为了纪念原始初民同自然和社会作斗争的业绩 ,初民们用幻想的手法创造了各式各样的英雄神话。

There were many rich and colourful heroic mythology of Southern nationalities in ancient China. These mythology could be classified cultural heroes and heroes conquering the nature. For commemorating outstanding achievement of the people in the early days of primitive society who struggled against the nature and society, they created varied heroic mythology with illusionism.