“活法”与汉语修辞方法论的原则

Living-method and the theory of rhetorical method

唐宋时代兴起的“活法” ,不仅涉及到文学创作的问题 ,而且还触及到汉语修辞的问题。从语言学的角度看 ,“活法”是汉语修辞所特有的语言的语法与言语的修辞、固定性修辞规则与临时性修辞策略的辩证统一。它反映了中国人善于在言语与语境的普遍联系中感受和认识修辞意义的修辞传统 ,是中国古代修辞方法阴阳并用。

Living-method,which arose in Tang dynasty and Song dynasty,involved the problems of literary writing and the rhetorical principle.From the linguistics of view,living-method reflected the rhetorical tradition and the rhetorical pattern which Chinese cognized rhetorical value by contexts.It was the feature of Chinese rhetoric that literal integrated grammar with rhetoric and integrated the rhetorical regularities with the rhetorical tactics.