施肥对茶树叶片微量元素和光合作用的影响

Influence of Suppling Fertilizers on Trace Element Content and Photosynthesis of Tea Leaves (Camellia Sinensis)

茶树叶片中Mn含量施N>施P>施饼肥>CK;Zn含量施N<施P<施饼肥<施NP<CK。施磷或施氮引起叶片Cu含量降低;施磷叶片中B含量高于其它处理。施氮磷、施氮的茶树叶片净光合率高于施饼肥、对照和施磷,差异显著。净光合率与比叶重、叶绿素含量呈线性关系。叶片净光合率与Mn含量之间呈显著正相关,与Zn、Cu、B含量之间相关性不显著。前者直接影响茶树光合作用,后者则起间接作用。

Effects of suppling urea (N), superphosphate (P), and rapecake on traceelement (Mn, Zn, Cu, B) contents and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of tea leaves were studied. Results indicate that contents of Cu and Zn were lower in leaves than in shoots, but Mn and B showed the opposite. Leaf Mn was higher in P treatment than that in rapecake, leaf Mn appeared highest in N treatment, next was in N+P, and lowest in rapecake. Leaf—Zn was lower in either P or N suppling than those in N+P, rapecake, and control treatments. Applying P or N coused a depression of leaf—Cu, rapecake increased shoot—Cu content. Tea bushes provided with P turned out a higher leaf—B than other leaf—traceelements. No significant correlation was fount between Mn and B, Zn in leaves and shoots, but there are negative correlation of Mn to Cu (r=-0.612, α=0.20; or r=-0.774, α=0.10), and positive correlation of leaf—Cu to leaf—Zn(r=0.861, α=0.025), negative correlation of shoot—Cu to shoot—Zn (r=0.829, α=0.05). Results reveal that there was no significant difference between N+P and N treatments to Pn. But Pn in these two treatments was higher than that in rapecake, P and control treatments. A linear relationship between Pn and specific leaf weight (SLW) or chlorophyll content was also observed. Pn presented positive correlation to Mn content with a r=0.843, α=0.05, but there were no with other trace element (Cu, Zn, B).