白菜型油菜雄性不育材料的发现和育性观察

Discovery & Observation of Male—Sterile Materials of Rapeseed (B. Campestris).

1989年3月,我们在油菜甘白种间杂交(81008X托品)F_4代白菜型油菜品系中,发现了雄性不育株。经过两年多的观察研究,其测交和回交后代无育性分离,现有白菜型油菜品仲中存在着保持和恢复基因。初步认为,该不育材料属于核质互作的细胞质不育类型。该不育材料在盛花前总不育率为98.76%,盛花后育性有变化。与波里马不育系高温敏感型相比,其育生变化除高温因素外,对光照长度是否也有一定的诱导作用,或需要一定的积温后才能导致育性发生变化进行了讨论。后期可育株自交和兄妹交结实指数分别为0.044和0.090,低于自交不亲和结实指数1.0的标准,剥蕾自交结实指数也仅5.133。根据其雄性不育和自交不亲和双重性质、作者认为,该不育材料用于配制杂种,纯度可能优于白菜型油菜自交迟钝系和标志性状杂种。

The male sterile plants of B. campestris which come from F_4 generation of B. napus×B. campestris (81008×Tobin) were found in 1989. They maybe belong to CIVIS according to the facts that there were maintaining and restoring genes among varieties of B. campestris, that there were no segregation in generations of test cross and back cross, after two years of study. The sterile rate reduced after full—bloom stage, the imfluencing factors of which maybe related to day—light length or to temperature summation except temperature sensitivity, compared with POL CMS line, was discussed. The selfed and sib—selfed seed setting index of fertile plants changed from sterile were 0.044 and 0.09 respectively. The purity of hybridized seed will be higher than that of self—incompatibility and mark character hybridized seed on the utilization of heterosis of B. campestris if this CMS is used, also was discussed.