珍稀濒危植物金佛山兰生态形态特征观察及与金兰的比较

An Observation on the Eco - morphological Characteristics of Tangtsinia Nanchuanica, a Rare and Extincting Species,and its Comparison with Cephalanthera Falcate

金佛山兰是我国特有的珍稀濒危植物,其野生种群数量正急剧减少.对金佛山兰种群的分布、生态环境、植株发育状况等进行了实地观察,对比研究了金佛山兰和金兰花的形态结构特征.金佛山兰所具有的近辐射对称的花被、无特化唇瓣、顶生柱头以及具5枚退化雄蕊等特征均说明它在兰科中系统发育地位的原始性.连续观察发现,金佛山兰结果率不高,不具有以有性繁殖扩大种群数量的优势,主要靠营养繁殖维持种群延续.近年来,金佛山兰种群的数量急剧减少、分布区内干扰加剧等状况均表明其濒危程序的严重,因此加强对其进行保护性研究是十分迫切而必要的.

Tangtsinia Nanchuanica, the rare and extincting plant, grows only in China, but its wild races are drastically decreasing. A on - the - spot investigation is involved in the race distribution, eco - environment, and seedling growing situations of Tangtsinia Nanchuanica and a comparative study has been made of the morpho - structural characteristics of Tangtsinia Nanchuanica and Cephalanthera Falcate. The near radioactive symmetric floral envelop, unspecialized lip petal, erecting column and the five degenerated male floral center of Tangtsinia Nanchuanica fully confirm its originality of growth of Orchidoideae. By successive observation, it is discovered that the fructiferous rate of Tangtsinia Nanchuanica is not high and it no longer possesses the former advantage of extending races by sex propagation. Now it depends upon the nutrition propagation to maintain the continuance of races. In recent years, the races of Tangtsinia Nanchuanica have been greatly reduced and the environmental disturbance has been intensified, which all evince its serious condition of being extinct. Therefore, it is essential and urgent to strengthen the research on its protection.