青霉素皮肤试验与特异性IgE抗体的相关性

The relativity between skin test and specific IgE antibodies in penicillins allergic patients

目的 :探讨青霉素皮肤试验 (皮试 )与特异性IgE的相关性。方法 :采用放射过敏原吸附试验 (RAST)测定青霉素过敏病人血清特异性IgE抗体。结果 :根据皮试与抗体测定时间间隔分为 4个时间段 :即刻、3 0d内、3 0d至 2年和 2年以上 ,皮试阳性患者各时间段IgE抗体阳性率分别为 42 .9%、2 8.6 %、18.8%和 10 .5%。当皮试阳性反应程度≥“ +”时 ,IgE抗体阳性率为 8.3 % ,皮试与RAST的符合率为 66 .7% ;当反应程度≥“ + +”时 ,IgE抗体阳性率为 60 % ,二者符合率为77.8% ,皮试程度与血清特异性IgE抗体呈显著相关 (P <0 .0 5) ;当皮试≥“ + + +”时 ,皮试与RAST完全相符。结论 :青霉素皮试的准确性与皮试反应程度及时间有关 ,RAST可作为青霉素过敏反应体外诊断的一种重要辅助方法。

OBJECTIVE To study the relativity between skin test and specific IgE antibodies in penicillins allergic patients.METHODS In patients with positive skin test, specific IgE antibodies were determined with radioallergosobent test (RAST).RESULTS Specific IgE antibodies were determined immediately, in 30 days, 30 days～2years or over 2 years after skin test, and the positive rates of specific IgE antibodies were 42.9% , 28.6% , 18.8% and 10.5% , respectively. The better the positive reaction degree of skin test, the higher the positive rate of specific IgE antibodies. If the positive reaction of skin test was over '+' as positive criterion, the coincidence between RAST and skin test would be 66.7% . If the positive reaction of skin test was over '++' as positive criterion, the coincidence between RAST and skin test would be 77.8% , and the positive reaction degree of skin test correlated significantly with specific IgE antibodies( P < 0.05 ). The coincidence between RAST and skin test was 100% when the positive reaction degree of skin test was '+++' or '++++'.CONCLUSIONS The veracity of penicillins skin test relates to the positive reaction degree and period after skin test. RAST is an important method in the evaluation of subjects with allergic to penicillins.