从谋生手段到娱乐方式:钓鱼活动的人类学分析

From Means of Living to Entertainment: Anthropological Analysis on Fishing

钓鱼是一种古老的人类获取食物的手段 ,到今天其已发展为三种形态 ,即在作为谋生手段的形态之外 ,又发展出既为得鱼又为娱乐的形态 ,以及只在乎钓不在乎鱼的形态。与此同时其功能亦由单一转变为多元 ,即由单一的谋生功能发展到谋生、娱乐、休闲及增加人类各方面的丰富性等等这样复杂多元的功能上。钓鱼活动的这种形态与功能的变化 ,正是人类社会发展和文化变迁的重要表现。尤其钓鱼活动还具有物质生活、精神生活和社会生活这三大层面上的文化意义 ,并已成为现代人类社会生活中的常见现象 。

Fishing is a way of obtaining food for primitive men. It has developed into three types, the original pattern, patterns of fishing and entertaining, and of purely entertaining . It is now multi- functional, replacing the original unique one, deducting the complex plural functions of making living,entertaining, enriching human various activities. This change also reflexes social and cultural development. As fishing is materially, spiritually, and socially valued, being common in modern social life, it is of great importance in the anthropological studies of cultural change and studies of modern life.