中国天南星科花粉形态的研究

Pollen morphology of the Araceae from China

利用扫描电镜对天南星科Araceae 2 2属 2 8种 (除Arummaculatum产自德国外 ,其余均产自中国 )及菖蒲科Acoraceae 1属 2种植物的花粉形态进行了观察。结果显示天南星科花粉形态在科内变异很大。花粉粒形状从球形、近球形、椭球形到扁球形和橄榄形 ;萌发孔类型有散孔型、具薄壁区型、环沟型或无萌发孔 ;外壁纹饰为小穴状、网状、肋条状、条纹状、疣状、具刺或光滑。主要依据花粉形态方面的证据探讨了崖角藤属Rhaphidophora、麒麟叶属Epipremnam、龟背竹属Monstera 3属的属间关系以及犁头尖属Typhonium属下分类中存在的一些问题。

Pollen morphology in 28 species of 22 genera in the Araceae and two species in the Acoraceae, all from China except Arum maculatum, has been investigated under scanning electron microscope. Pollen grains in the Araceae are morphologically highly variable among the genera. They are spherical, subspherical, ellipsoidal, oblate or olive_shaped in shape. The apertures are pantoporate, tenuate, zonate or inaperturate. The exine ornamentation is foveolate, reticulate, ribbed, striate, verrucate, echinate or psilate. Based on the results, some taxonomic problems in the Araceae, particularly the intergeneric relationships among Rhaphidophora, Epipremnum and Monstera, and the infrageneric classification within Typhonium, are discussed. Palynological data seem to support the treatment of Rhaphidophora, Epipremnum and Monstera as three independent genera.