汽油精制催化剂的研究与应用

Research and Application of Catalyst for Purification of Gasoline

根据国家汽油新标准 ,我国的催化裂化和催化裂解汽油的烯烃质量分数已远远超标 ,必须对其进行脱烯烃精制 ,以减少对环境的污染。实验利用水热合成法制备了Si-Al载体。浸入Ni活性组分后 ,制备了大孔径分子筛催化剂 ;利用自制的催化剂对催化裂解稳定汽油全馏分进行了精制 ,并研究了其最佳工艺条件。结果表明 ,自行研制的催化剂由于活性组分的加氢、脱氢性能及固体酸性能 ,而具有醚化、异构化、芳构化和氢转移功能。对催化裂解稳定汽油全馏分进行的精制 ,在保证辛烷值达标的情况下 ,烯烃质量分数降低了 6 0 % ,达到了国家汽油新标准的要求 ;催化裂解汽油精制的最佳工艺条件是 :反应温度为 70℃ ,反应压力为 0 .3MPa,体积空速为 1.5h-1。

According to the new national standards of gasoline, the amounts of olefins in catalytic -cracking oil and catalytic- pyrolysis oil are too large, they need purifying in order to decrease the amounts of olefins, and the pollution to circumstance from gasoline. Supporter of Si-Al was prepared with hydrothermal method, after active component was added with impregnation method, the molecular sieve catalyst with large porosity was made. And gasoline refining was carried by using this catalyst, and the optimum processing conditions were also investigated. The result is as the follows: the prepared catalyst has the functions of etherification, isomerization and aromatization because the prepared catalytic is of high hydrogenation, high dehydrogenation and high acidity, by using this catalyst the amount of olefin can be reduce 60 percent, octane number remaining unchanged. The ideal process parameters for purification of catalytic pyrolysis gasoline are that: the temperature is 70 ℃, the pressure is 0.3 MPa, the liquid-time space velocity is 1.5 h -1.