三轴机械几何误差辨识新方法的研究

Research on a New Identification Approach for Geometric Errors of Three-axis Machines

为高效、简便、精确辨识三轴机械的几何误差 ,提出了一种新的位移辨识法 ,并以 XYFZ型三轴立式机床为例 ,详细讨论了误差辨识的基本原理。该方法通过测量工作区内 1 2条直线上的位移误差能快速、精确确定三轴机械的全部 2 1项几何误差 ,缩短了误差辨识时间 ,并只需要少量的测量设备 ,是三轴机械精度评定的一种有效方法 ,特别适合经常性的精度监测和校正。试验结果验证了所述方法的正确性。

For the sake of the high accuracy, feasibility and efficiency, a new displacement method is proposed to identify the geometric errors of a three-axis machine, such as machine tool, coordinate measuring machine, robot etc. in this paper. And the error evaluation principles of a vertical machine tool with configuration XYFZ are discussed in detail. By measuring the displacement errors along 12 lines in the machine working space, a total of 21 geometric error components can be determined rapidly and accurately. Thus this method only needs a small quantity of measuring facilities and shortens the identification time, so that it is very beneficial to the precision evaluation of the three-axis machines, and adapted especially to frequent inspection and calibration of the precision. The results from experimental tests validate the correctness of the presented approach.