三维虚拟物体表面重建的研究

A Study in Surface Reconstruction of 3D Virtual Objects

在激光扫描共焦显微三维成像、CT成像、MRI成像 ,以及在图象处理和识别中 ,三维物体的显示是必不可少的 .目前 ,最流行的显示方式是虚拟物体的三维重建 .通常虚拟物体三维重建可以采用体素级重建 ,也可以采用切片级重建 .由于切片级重建仍需要解决物体轮廓对应、分叉曲面、轮廓拼接等关键性问题 ,为此 ,提出了一些新的方法 .在这些方法中 ,轮廓的对应采用 OR运算和 AND运算来确定 .如果两个轮廓的 OR和 AND运算结果满足预先设置的准则 ,则这两个轮廓相对应 ;分叉曲面采用数学形态学方法来分解 ,其由形态学方法生成的边界就是分叉曲面的分割线 ;轮廓拼接则是将对应轮廓经多边形简化后 ,由三角形拼接法来构成表面 ,且三角形是根据最小轮廓跨接边准则来构建的 .通过对这些方法进行的实验结果表明 ,理论与实际完全相符 .这些方法的优点是编程简单 。

In laser scanning confocal microscopy imaging, CT imaging, MRI imaging, and in 3D image processing and recognition, visualization of 3D objects is essential. Nowadays, the popular ISO surface visualization is based on 3D virtual object reconstruction. The 3D virtual object reconstruction can be volume based. It can also be 2D slice based. In the 2D slice based, due to the still existing problems, such as contour pairing, surface diverging, contour pair patching, etc, a few new methods are proposed for the problem solving. In theses methods, the contour paring is carried out with OR and AND operations. For two contours, if the results of the OR and AND operations satisfy a pre set criterion, the two contours are a pair. The surface diverging is decomposed with mathematical morphology. The boundaries generated by the morphologic operation are that of the diverging surfaces. The contour pair is patched with triangles to form the ISO surface after the pair is polygonized. The triangles are constructed under the criterion of minimum contour linking edge. With the methods, some experiments have been done. The experimental results showed that the theories of the methods coincide perfectly with the practice. The advantages of the methods are simple programming and fast computation.