甘肃滩羊血液蛋白多态性及标记性状的应用研究

Study on Blood Protein Polymorphism and Marked Characters of Tan-Sheep

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术 ,测定分析了甘肃皋兰、景泰及靖远 3个滩羊种群Hb、Tf、Es、Amy、Alb、EP - 1、EP - 2 7个蛋白座位的多态性。除了Amy、Alb、EP - 1、EP - 2四个座位呈现单态外 ,其余 3个蛋白座位都表现出丰富的多态性。Hb、Tf、Es在 3个滩羊地方种群中表现出地区分布和选育不同程度的差异性。Hb和Es基因座各具有 3种基因型 ,受两个等位基因控制 ,其中HbB 基因在 3个群体中均占优势。Es-基因在皋兰和景泰群体中占优势 ,Es+ 在靖远群体中占优势 ;Tf基因座有 2 1种基因型 ,受 8个复等位基因控制 ,其中TfB、TfC 基因和TfBC、TfCC基因型在 3个群体中均占优势。甘肃滩羊 3个地方种群的Nei氏预期平均基因杂合度 (H)都很低 ,其值分别为 0 .2 0 37、0 .2 0 2 1和 0 .2 2 5 4 ;滩羊群体间的平均基因多样度 (Dst)和基因分化系数 (Gst)的值分别为 0 .0 0 19和 0 .0 0 90。结合羔羊肥育试验筛选出HbAA、Es+ + 两个高产基因型 ,作为滩羊肉用选育方向的标记辅助选择 。

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to analyse the genetic polymorphism of 7 blood protein loci which were Hb,Tf,Alb,Ep-1,Ep-2,Es and Amy in 3 Tan\|sheep populations sampled from Gaolan Jingtai and Jingyuan County of Gansu Province to study their genetic variations and differentiations.The loci of Hb,Tf and Es appeared polymorphism except Amy,Alb Ep-1 and 2,though there was little difference caused by distribution and selection level.3 genetypes were found on Hb and Es loci respectively which were controlled by 2 allelic genes and Hb B was superior allelic gene among 3 populations.Es\|was dominant gene in Gaolan and Jingtai populations as well as Es + was dominant gene in Jingyuan population.For Tf locus,there were 21 genetypes which were controlled by 8 allelic genes,Tf B and Tf c genes,TfBC and TfCC genetypes were superior in 3 populations.Nei′s average gene heterozygosity(H)of 3 Gansu Tan sheep populations were 0.2037,0.2021 and 0.2254 respectively along with the average genetic diversity(G ST )and genetic differentiation (D ST )of total Tan sheep population were 0.0019,0.0090.Hb and Es have significant correlationship with body weight and body size,HbAA and Es ++ are the best genotypes to be assistant marker to improve meat production of Gansu Tan\|sheep.