新遗传资源西藏瘤牛生态形态特征的研究

A Study of Ecological and Morphological Characters of Tibet Zebu as a New Genetic Resource

从体尺 ,形态及生态特征 3方面对阿沛甲咂牛 (APJ)、日喀则高峰牛 (LKZ)、樟木牛 (ZMN) 3个瘤牛群体及拉萨黄牛 (LSN)、文山牛 (WSN)、西双版纳牛 (XSB) 3个参照群体进行了多元统计分析 ,结果表明 ,西藏瘤牛具多样化生态类型 ;主成分分析提示选取前 2个特征值作为 2个主成分 (占总信息量的 88.15 % ) ;根据各群体前 2个主成分值计算相似系数并籍此进行聚类分析 ,西藏 3个瘤牛群体与云南 2个瘤牛群体呈交替聚类 ,而拉萨黄牛独立于这 5个群体之外。证实西藏高寒地区存在瘤牛群体 ,并提示西藏瘤牛与云南瘤牛间存在共同血统来源的可能性。

Arpijaza,Lekezhi and Zhangmu cattle discovered in cool region of Tibet were Bos populations, which had close blood relationship with zebu .Besides studying on their distribution, natural environment and ecological conditions, multivariate statistics analysis of three aspects (i.e. body measurement, morphology and ecology characters)were carried out on 3 zebu populations from cool region of Tibet and other 3 reference populations. The results indicated that there were various ecotypes within Tibet zebu populations. Fore 2 character va lues were selected as the principle component (occupied 88.15% of total information amount). The cluster ana lysis according to 2 principle component values of each sample displayed that the 3 zebu populations from Tibet and the 2 zebu populations from Yunnan emerged in clustering figure alternately, Lasa yellow cattle was independent from the 5 zebu populations. The study has proved that Tibet cool region has zebu populations and there is a possibility of blood relationship between the zebu populations from Tibet and Yunnan.