《庄子·让王》脱文辑证——基于衍生型文本生成方式的研究

A Textual Research on the Omissive Words and Expressions in “Chuang Tzu·Crown Abdication”——Based on the Form of Generation of Derivative Texts

《庄子·让王》篇的真伪、成书时代及其与《吕氏春秋》相关互见文本之间的关系历来是学界关注的问题。通过对《吕氏春秋》中互见文本的细读,可以认定其中有部分文本具有较强的异质性特征,应是从其它文本中摘引、截取而来,而在《贵生》篇中存在一段与全篇主旨、行文逻辑颇不相符的文本,属于在战国秦汉衍生型文本中时常能看到的"失控的文本"。通过对这段文本与《让王》篇整体结构、行文的多方面比勘,可以基本认定这段文本的原生环境正是《庄子·让王》篇,是在隋代以前即遭脱落的一段佚文。这段佚文可以帮助我们重建对于《让王》内部结构及思想的认识,同时也为我们认识早期文本的"结章"艺术提供了重要的参考。

The authenticity and writing era of'Chuang Tzu·Crown Abdication'and its relations with mixed texts in'Master Lv’s Spring and Autumn Annals'has always been the focusing point in academic fields.Through the intensive perusal to mixed texts in'Master Lv’s Spring and Autumn Annals,'we can confirm that obvious textual heterology indeed exists in some parts of the texts,which can be inferred to be quoted and extracted from other texts.And there is a piece of text in the chapter of'The Preciousness of Life'in'Master Lv’s Spring and Autumn Annals'that is not in accordance with the substances and writing logic of the whole chapter.It can be regarded as the common'texts out of control'in the derivative texts in the Warring States Period and Qin and Han dynasties.According to the comparison between this piece of text and the chapter of'Crown Abdication'in overall structures and writing styles in various aspects,we can basically confirm that its original context is exactly from'Chuang Tzu·Crown Abdication,'which means it is a lost part that was omitted before the Sui Dynasty.This omissive part can help us to rebuild the internal structures and thoughts of'Crown Abdication'and provides a significant reference for us to recognize the'the art of chapter'in the texts of early periods.