江南儒学的提出、指义与分段

The Proposal, Content and Segmentation of Jiangnan Confucianism

经济与文化重心的南移是中国历史中的重要现象,江南由此成为传统中国的重要区域,并在改革开放后始终引领中国发展。长期以来,江南研究是海内外重要的研究领域,并呈现出由经济研究向社会、文化研究推进的态势。儒学是传统中国文化的核心,为了进一步深入江南研究,提出江南儒学这样的研究领域不仅具有来自当下与未来的学术思想意义,而且具有历史的学理依据。由于江南与儒学都是内涵丰富且流变的概念,因此江南儒学研究一方面应有所聚焦,以呈现儒学的文本分析为重,以期发现与阐明那些型塑儒学的江南性质与特征的内容;另一方面则与江南儒学的历史源流相呼应,以揭示江南儒学的整体面貌与衍化方向及其动力。江南儒学在其流变过程中,虽然区域里的学术思想流派纷呈,且相对清晰,但很难由此界定江南儒学。一方面,江南儒学在整体上仍具模糊性;另一方面,内涵与边界相对清晰的区域内的学术思想流派彼此又有着密切的关联,呈现出共同的江南性。由于地理环境的改变是缓慢的,并主要由于经济活动引起,而传统时代的经济变化也是渐进的,因此对于江南儒学的分析,宜跳出朝代史,将江南儒学区分为三个长时段:第一个时段是先秦至六朝的江南儒学孕生;第二个时段是唐宋变革以后的江南儒学衍化,这个时段又以明代迁都北京,进一步区分为前、后两个时段;第三个时段是近代以降,直至今日追求现代化转型中的江南儒学探索。

The southward shift of the economic and cultural center from North China to Jiangnan area is a noteworthy phenomenon in Chinese history.Jiangnan has since become a significant region and has also been a leading force since the reform and opening up policy was carried out.For a long time,Jiangnan has always been a focus in the field of Chinese Studies at home and abroad,and it has become a trend to study Jiangnan’s society and culture on the basis of its economy.Confucianism is the core of traditional Chinese culture.And Jiangnan Confucianism has academic roots in Chinese history.The proposal of the study on Jiangnan Confucianism will be of great help to forwarding both the present and the future academic exploration into Jiangnan area.Since'Jiangnan'and'Confucianism'are two concepts that are rich in content and always in transformation,the study of Jiangnan Confucianism should focus on the analysis of Confucian texts,in order to discover and clarify what has shaped its characteristics.Meanwhile,we should also investigate into the historical origin of Jiangnan Confucianism to reveal its overall structure,evolution path,and its impetus.Throughout its evolutionary process,although the division of the diverse academic schools in Jiangnan is relatively clear,it is still difficult to accurately define the term,Jiangnan Confucianism.On the one hand,the complex of the schools in Jiangnan area is still ambiguous as a whole;on the other hand,those distinctive schools are also closely related to each other,sharing common characteristics that are unique to Jiangnan.Since the geographical delimitation of Jiangnan changes slowly and is mainly caused by economic activities which also change in a gradual way,we should divide Jiangnan Confucianism not into dynasties,but into three longer periods:first,the birth of Jiangnan Confucianism from the Pre-Qin Dynasty to the Six Dynasties;second,the unrolling of it since the revolutions of Tang and Song Dynasties.And the change of the capital city to Beijing in the Ming dynasty further divides this period into two;third,its pursuit of modernization in recent few decades.