中国的新多边主义经济外交

中国大国意识的增强带来其多边经济外交的全面提升,从2008年参加G20峰会、积极推动国际货币基金组织与世行改革,到近年成功发起和支持组建亚投行与金砖国家新开发银行。中国作为具全球利益的发展中大国,从地区多边议程入手,推动全球性机制改革,并追求新旧机构之间的补充性与合作性。与金砖银行相比,亚投行更能体现中国的补充性新多边主义,主要体现在成员、贷款对象、项目采购与人员招聘等各方面的开放性。不过,补充性与创新性如何平衡,国内决策体系如何完善,以加强多层次、多双边机制之间的统筹战略,是中国多边经济外交今后应予关注的问题。

With the increasing awareness of itself as a major power, China is much more active in practicing economic multilateralism, from participating in the G20 Summit since 2008, pushing for the reform of the IMF and the World Bank, to the successful launching of the AIIB and support of the BRICS New Development Bank(NDB). As a major developing power with global reach, China starts from regional initiatives to drive for global reform, seeking complementarities and cooperation between new and emerging institutions. Compared with the NDB, the AIIB is a more suitable case in exemplifying the complementary multilateralism of China in that it adopts an open policy in membership, procurement and recruitment among others to seek more coherence with the existing system. However, how to balance its complementarities and innovations, and improve domestic decision-making mechanism and strategic coordination are the issues China needs to pay attention to in the future.