摘要
从金德尔伯格到吉尔平,'霸权稳定论'一脉相承,论证了美国在近半个世纪的时期里主动成为全球公共产品的'供给者'。但从当下看,'霸权稳定论'却是对国际公共产品的过时解释。探讨'霸权之后的合作与纷争'的学者基欧汉,看似阐明了现有的国际机制在霸权之后短期的后续安排,但无法说明霸权之后新兴国家(非霸权)建立国际机制的可能性及必要性。基于上述观点,本文对此问题进行了探讨,本文指出,霸权与国际公共产品的提供并无直接联系,中国无论在实力还是意愿上都不是一个霸权国家,但非霸权行为体也可以探索政府间更有效的全球治理机制。事实表明,中国以'合作共赢'、'责任分担'、'协作领导'、'公正平等'为原则的提供理念能极大地避免国际公共产品被'私物化'的可能性,也减少了国际公共产品供给动力不足的问题,中国主导建立的亚洲基础设施投资银行是美国霸权相对衰落后新兴经济体进行国际机制构建的成功尝试。
Kindleberger and Gilpin states 'hegemonic stability theory', explainingthe rationality of the United States as a unipolar hegemony in supplying international public goods in the past half century, which however, is an outdated interpretation. Keohane explores the world after the hegemony, which seems to shed light on the short-term arrangements of existing international mechanisms after hegemony, but it cannot explain the possibility and necessity that emerging countries(nonhegemonic) will establish international mechanisms after hegemony. Based on the above viewpoint, the article conducted an exploration of this question. The author analyzes 'privatization' and 'insufficient supply of public goods' are the reasons for the failure of the U.S.hegemony’s provision of international public goods. The paper points out that hegemony is not directly related to the provision of international public goods. China is not a hegemonic country in terms of capability and willingness,but non-hegemonic actors can also explore new international mechanisms for more effective global governance among intergovernmental cooperation. The facts show that the principles for China’s provision of international public goods are: win-win cooperation, sharing responsibility, cooperative leadership, as well as justice and equality, which could avoid the possibility of privatization and reduce the problem of insufficient supply of international public goods. The author takes the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank as an example, figuring out China’s exploration in creating new international mechanisms is a significant attempt as an emerging, nonhegemonic economy after the relative decline of hegemony.
