顶层设计、改革压力与地方行为调适:对十八大以来改革路径的分析

Top-level Design,Reform Pressures and Local Adaptations:An Interpretation on the Reform Trajectory since the Eighteenth CPC Party Congress

十八大以来,为了全面深化改革,中国的改革战略突出强调顶层设计,并努力将顶层设计与'摸着石头过河'辩证统一起来。由此产生了一系列为落实顶层设计而建立的决策、执行和监督制度。这种改革战略的调整反映了决策者的雄心和紧迫感,也对地方各级党政机构形成了新的压力,推动着后者的思维和行为方式的调整。文章认为,这种自上而下的制度化实现方式与改革开放以来长期形成的下级部门的自主性形成了紧张关系。如何将这种压力转化为更有效的动力,值得进一步的观察和分析。

Since the 18 th Party Congress of CPC,the Chinese leadership has been emphasizing'top-level design'in their strategic thinking on the reform.In practice,they attempted to dialectically combine'top-level design'with'touching the stone to cross the river'.Such efforts precipitated the emergence of a list of decision-making,implementation and supervision institutions which aimed to implement'top-level design'in the first place.Reflecting the ambitions and sense of urgency from the side of decision makers,the shift of reform strategies also imposed new pressures on local party and government organizations,who were forced to change their thinking and behavioral modes accordingly.There are some tensions between the top-down manner of institutionalization nowadays and the tradition of lower-level autonomy after the Reform and Opening up.How to translate such tensions into reform momentum will be an issue worthy of further observation and analysis.