城市基层党组织调适的策略与结构——一个组织研究的视角

The Tactics and Structures of Urban Grassroots Party Organizations’ Adaptation:A Perspective of Organizational Studies

本文尝试从组织研究的视角考察中国共产党的组织调适,在中观和微观层次具体分析城市基层党组织调适的机制。对于城市基层党组织来说,调适的基本目标是维持自身与外部环境的相互适应,具体可以从党员变化和党组织活动变化两个方面进行考察。根据城市基层党组织调适策略的差异,可以把其分为防御型、反应型和前摄型三种组织类型。调适策略的选择是基于不同的基层党组织结构约束条件而作出的,包括组织能力和物质能力两个方面,具体表现为党组织内部的权威安排、策略选择机制、物质资源和风险承受能力等。对于每种城市基层党组织类型来说,调适策略与组织结构之间存在对应关系。

This article looks into the Chinese Communist Party’s organizational adaptation from the perspective of organizational studies,so as to examine the mechanism of urban grassroots party organizations’adaptation at the meso and micro levels.For urban grassroots party organizations,the objective of organizational adaptation is to maintain its adaptation to environment,which can be investigated in terms of party member composition and party activities.With this theoretical approach,there are three types of organizations:defensive,reactive,and proactive.Adaptation tactics arc chosen within grassroots party organizations’structural constraints,which consist of organizational capacity(basis of authority and mechanism for choosing tactics)and material capacity(material resources and the ability to cope with risks).For each type of urban grassroots party organizations,adaptation tactic is correlated with organizational structure in certain ways.