大薯饲粮对定安黑猪屠宰性能和肉用品质的影响

Effect of slaughter performance and meat quality of Ding'an black pigs by feeding Dioscorea alata L. diet.

大薯(Dioscorea alata L),又名参薯,为薯蓣科薯蓣属,块茎干物质中淀粉含量较高,目前在畜禽生产上利用大薯作为能量饲料的应用研究较少。试验研究饲喂大薯饲粮对定安黑猪屠宰性能和肉用品质的影响,为大薯能量饲料的开发利用奠定基础。试验有3个处理,每处理3个重复,第Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,第Ⅱ组和第Ⅲ组为试验组,分别饲喂试验饲粮即用大薯替代10%和20%基础日粮,饲养4周后,每重复屠宰1头猪进行屠宰性能和肉质性状的测定。试验结果表明,饲喂不同比例的大薯对定安黑猪屠宰性能无显著影响(P>0.05),屠宰率均在60%以上,产肉性能良好;对于肉用品质而言,饲粮中添加大薯对肌肉p H6 h、p H16 h、p H36 h和p H48 h与48 h滴水损失率虽影响显著(P<0.05),但肌肉p H值均在正常值范围内,而对肌肉24 h滴水损失率、剪切力、熟肉率、肉色、大理石纹及肌肉营养物质含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。综合以上屠宰性能和肉质资料分析,说明用大薯替代玉米作为饲料原料是可行的,要适当控制添加量为10%。

Dioscorea alata L., gets much starch in content of dry matter in tuber, but very fewer studyof applying in prodution for poultry and livestockas energy feed. The influences of slaughter performance and meat quality of Ding'an blackpigs feeding with Dioscorea alata L. feed were investigated, to lay the foundation for the development and utilization of Dioscorea alata L. as energy feed. There are 3 treatments, 3 replicatesper treatment, the group Ⅰ is control group,feeding corn-bean basal diet, the group Ⅱand the group Ⅲ is the experimental group, feeding the experimental feeds which 10% corn and 20% corn in basal diet were replaced by Dioscorea alata L. separately, after 4 weeks of feeding, one pig in each replicates were measured of slaughter performance and meat quality. The reasults are following: no significant changes were observed in slaughter performance(P>0.05), the average slaughter rate is above60%, the meat production capability was fine; As for meat quality, adding Dioscorea alata L. to feeds did had significant influences in the value of p H6 h, p H16 h, p H36 h, p H48 h and rate of losing dripping water(48 h)(P<0.05), but all p H value of muscle were in normal range, and no significant changes were observed in losing dripping water(24 h), shear force, rate of cooked meat, carnation, marbling and nutrient in muscle(P>0.05). Analysing from all data above, it is available to repalce corn with Dioscorea alata L., but within a controlled supplementation.