实验性增生性甲状腺肿及淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎的病理研究

N PATHOLOGIC STUDY OF EXPERIMENTAL HYPERPLASTIC GOITER AND LYMPHOCYTIC THYROIDITIS

本文采用52只SD纯种雄性大白鼠,以低浓度甲基硫氧嘧啶(MTU)水溶液代饮用水,进行增生性甲状腺肿(HG)及淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎(LT)的实验性研究。动物自10天开始即有甲状腺滤泡细胞增生及功能活跃细胞出现。1～2个月出现类似人类HG的变化。3～4个月表现HG与LT并存的过渡阶段。5～6个月出现类似人类LT的变化。从实验发展过程中可观察到HG在连续用MTU—个阶段后可发展成LT。说明HG和LT两病为同一病因的两个不同发展阶段,均有免疫反应性变化存在。本文对HG和LT时垂体促甲状腺素(TSH)细胞的演变及疾病的发病机理进行了分析讨论。

A pathologic study of experimental hyperplastic goiter (HG) and lymphocytic thyroiditis(LT) was carried out on 52 SD purebred male rats. Methylthiouracil(MTU) was administered in drin-king water in a concentration of 2.5%. From 10 days to 6 months after MTU-taking the animalswere killed and tissue fixed by stages and in groups by vivi-perfusion via the left heart ventricle with1% glutaraldehyde and 3% formaldehyde in 0.2M phosphate buffer. The thyroids were obtained imme-diatly and made preparations of samples for TEM, SEM, histologic, histochemical, and thyroglobulinimmunohistochemical observations. At the same time the pituitary glands were obtained for TSH immuno-histochemical analysis. Since 10th day after MTU-taking follicular cell hyperplasia and function-activecells have appeared. From 1 to 2 months the thyroid changes were similar to human HG. At 3 and 4months a transitional stage from HG to LT was found in thyroids. At 5 and 6 months the thyroid ofmost animals displayed a microfollicular and lobular structures. A mild and moderate lymphocyticinfiltration or foci of lymphocytes in thyroid capsules and interstitial tissues were present. The inva-sion of lymphocytes into follicular cells were seen in cach animal thyroid. These findings were similarto human LT. In addition to thyroid changes the evolutions of TSH cells in pituitary glands were alsocorresponded to human HG and LT. The results of experiment indicated that after a continouslydilute MTU-taking the HG might develope to LT. It explained that HG and LT might occure by sameetiologic factor, but in different stages. The HG was the early period of LT. The pathogenesis of HGand LT was discussed also in present paper.