海门市1956-2001年麻疹发病趋势分析

Subject The epidemic trend of measles in Haimen city, 1956-2001

目的 探讨麻疹流行规律及相应对策。方法 对1956～2001年麻疹疫情和流行病学资料进行汇总分析。结果 海门市1956-2001年麻疹疫情共出现9次发病高峰,间隔时间3-6 a;随着麻苗的推广使用和计划免疫工作的实施,麻疹的年平均发病率从疫苗前时代的146.34/10万降至近10 a的0.53/10万;近20 a麻疹的流行特征发生变化,表现为发病高峰年龄段和季节性高峰的双“后移”,成人发病现象开始相对凸现。免疫史调查表明无免疫史或免疫史过长是发病的主要原因。结论 防治策略应注重接种质量,提高接种率,同时应加强麻疹监测工作。

[Objective] To study the epidemic trend of measles and to put forward strategies for controlling measles in Haimen. [Methods] The epidemic status of measles from 1956 to 2001 was collected and analyzed.[ Results] Measles incidence showed nine peaks from 1956 to 2001. The average annual incidence was 146.34/100000 before 1966. Since then, the incidence decreased dramatically by using measles vaccine and launching EH program since 1979. The average annual incidence was 0.53/100000 in the recent decades. The peak month of the disease occurrence was postponed. The proportion of cases in adults increased. [Conclusion] The prevention and control work against measles should be put into emphasis by increasing vaccination and improving the quality of vaccination. It is urgent to establish measles surveillance system.