人工填筑岛礁机场的中长期沉降问题

The medium and long term settlement of reclamation airports

为保证人工填筑岛礁的长期安全与可持续发展,对已有相关工程的经验教训进行了系统总结,梳理了日本关西机场和法国尼斯国际机场的工后沉降的监测数据,总结了由静载导致的工后沉降和由飞机起降交通荷载导致的差异沉降的发展规律及影响因素。人工填筑岛礁机场的工后沉降对后续运营影响很大,但由于未知因素多,很难准确预测,应密切关注。飞机起降荷载峰值大、作用形式复杂,是跑道差异沉降的主要原因之一。飞机动载下基础差异沉降的控制本质上可归结为跑道下地基允许累积塑性变形的控制。目前的研究以飞机静止、滑跑阶段道面和基础响应为主,尚缺乏飞机降落冲击动载下地基长期累积变形的研究。开展密实珊瑚砂在飞机起降荷载作用下的变形规律研究对岛礁机场的中长期沉降控制具有重要意义。

To guarantee the long term safety and sustainable development of reclamation islands and reefs,construction experiences and problems on post-construction foundation settlement of similar projects are systematically summarized,including Kansai International Airport in Japan and Nice C?te d’Azur Airport in France.The evolution regularity and influence factors of static-load-induced settlement and traffic-load-induced settlement are hard to predict precisely.Settlement monitoring indicates that close attention should be paid to the relatively large settlement rate of Meiji Airport.The dynamic loads of aircraft take-off and landing is one of the prime reasons of differential settlement.The key to differential settlement control is to limit the accumulated plastic deformation of subgrade below an allowable level.However,most of current studies focus on the foundation response under static or constant moving loads.Few literatures devote to the behavior of coral subgrade under impact loads of aircraft landing,which is very important to the medium and long term settlement control for airports built on reclamation islands and reefs.