我国政府规模变动实证分析

An Empirical Analysis of the Size of Government in China: 1978-2000

从政府控制社会资源的程度和政府机构的投入两个层次 ,考察我国政府从 1978到 2 0 0 0年规模的变动情况 ,并将它与同期经济发展相对比 ,我们发现 :就政府控制社会资源而言 ,我国政府以财政收支总额为标志的绝对规模一直处于增长状态 ,近年还有加速之势 ;而以财政收支占 GDP比重为标志的相对规模 ,在改革初期 ,随经济体制的转轨和财政体制的改革 ,呈波动性下降 ,但进入相对稳定发展的 1994年后 ,上升成为主流趋势。就政府机构的投入而言 ,所有指标都反映了我国政府机构的膨胀 ,从就业看 ,政府已成为一个重要的职业流向 ,从资金消耗看 ,行政经费的加速增长反映了政府成本的增加。

This paper analyzes the growth of government size in China from 1978-2000 by using diverse measure of it. And we compare it with the development of Chinese economic in these years. We found that the total resources controlled by government (measure with fiscal revenue and expenditure) increased from 1978 to 2000.Relatively to GDP, it fluctuated following the translation of economic system after 1994, its growth has been the leading trend. When examining the expense of government, we find it has attracted more and more labor, and its maintenance cost was in an accelerating increase period.