战争对黑非洲国家建设的影响初探

A Preliminary Exploration of the Impacts of War upon State-Building in Sub-Saharan Africa

经典的'掠夺理论'(predatory theory)认为,在国家建设过程中,国际战争和国内冲突强化国家机器和民族主义,从而极大地增强国家能力。该理论的经验基础是近代西欧国家的兴起,但可能无法充分地解释黑非洲的国家建设。具体而言,我们在探讨战争对黑非洲国家建设的作用时,必须考虑独特的政治、经济和历史因素的介入和影响,包括第二次世界大战后的国际法规范、族群政治以及税收以外的替代性财政资源,尤其是自然资源和国际援助等。

The predatory theory argues that international war and civil conflict substantially enhance state capacity by strengthening state machinery and consolidating nationalism.Based upon the formation of nation states in modern Europe,the theory is incapable of sufficiently accounting for the state building in Sub-Saharan Africa.Among other things,our exploration of the impacts of wars upon Sub-Saharan state building needs to take into consideration the intervening effects of political,economic and historical factors,including the Post-WWII international legal norms,ethnic politics,along with non-taxation revenues like natural resources and international assistance.