非洲武装组织的治理困境——以国际刑事法院与乌干达上帝抵抗军为例

Dilemma of Governing African Armed Groups: A Case Study of International Criminal Court and the Lord’s Resistance Army in Uganda

国际刑事法院对乌干达上帝抵抗军领导人的起诉面临着诸多困境:正义理念与逻辑的冲突、政治观与法律观的矛盾、外界对其干预条件与法律效力的质疑。这凸显了西方与非洲地方治理价值观与规范的冲突、国际刑事法院的偏见与双重标准、缺乏对和平进程与儿童保护的重视。鉴于当地人对和解与安全的渴望远远高于其对正义与惩罚的追求,解决北乌干达冲突和上帝抵抗军问题,仅依靠国际法的惩罚与威慑是不够的,还必须重视当地的司法方式和冲突解决实践,重视武装冲突解决的参与进程,大力支持和促进北乌干达地区的经济建设与发展,加强对非洲地区的和平建设。

The International Court of Justice,which accused Joseph Kony and the other four leaders of the Lord's Resistance Army of anti-human and war crimes,fell into a series of dilemmas,namely the contradiction between the idea and logic of justice,political notion and legal notion,along with the suspicion that the international society threw upon the preconditions and legality of the court's intervention.These dilemmas cast light upon the conflict of the notion and norm of local governance between the west and Africa,the bias and double standard of the court,as well as insufficient attention to the protection of children.Considering the local people underscore reconciliation and security far above justice and punishment,it is very inadequate to resolve the civil conflict in North Uganda and the issue of the Lord's Assistance Army by means of the punishment imposed by international law.The International Court of Justice is supposed to valuate local laws and conflict resolution practice,attach importance to participatory solution,strongly support and promote economic development in North Uganda,and strengthen peace building in Africa as well.