新中国对非洲关系的缘起

The Origin of PRC’s Relations with Africa

新中国成立之后,中国与非洲的关系并没有按照传统的国家继承路径发展,因为新中国对国民党政权外交做了批判和辩证的继承。革命战争时期诞生的中共对外关系是新中国对外关系生成的基础,而中国共产党对非洲的认知决定了新中国对非洲关系的缘起和展开。1955年的万隆会议为新中国与非洲国家之间的直接接触架起了桥梁,1956年中华人民共和国与埃及的建交则实现了中国与非洲关系从民间外交和'电文外交'向政治外交和事务性外交的本质转变。从一定意义上说,新中国对非洲关系的缘起和全面展开与非洲大陆的觉醒和国家发展进程是共时的。影响中国与非洲关系的因素是多元而复杂的,但双方之间持久的相互需求是深化和保障双边关系的基础。

After 1949,Sino-African relations did not immediately swerve to a difference path.Based upon the Communists Party’s foreign policy during the Revolutionary War period,and its cognition of Africa determined the origin and development of New China’s relations with Africa.The Bandung Conference in 1955 opened directly communication between P.R.China and African countries.In 1956,China and Egypt established diplomatic relations,which denoted a fundamental transition from folk diplomacy and“cables diplomacy”to formal and routine diplomacy.In a certain sense,the origin and development of communist China’s relations with Africa synchronized with the renaissance of the African continent and the nation building process.Sino-African relations have been shaped by diverse and complicated factors,although it is the lasting mutual needs that have underlain and guaranteed the relations.