非洲民族志电影的制作实践与理论方法

Practice,Theory and Methodology of Ethnographic Filmmaking in Africa

作为跨界研究领域的影视人类学,关注以人类学理论方法为指导、以影像的方式为研究手段和内容,寻求对人类文化的理解与表述。20世纪50年代以来,西方民族志电影制作者将非洲大陆视为创作之源,众多民族志电影经典作品诞生于非洲。本文梳理了西方影视人类学发展过程中重要的非洲民族志电影,指出其显著的人类学学术价值与文化批评意义,并试图在理论方法上进一步探讨以非洲原住民为研究对象的西方民族志电影制作从单一的科学主义范式向多元范式的转变与反思。

As one of trans-discipline, visual anthropology is seeking for understanding and representing human cultures by the means of images. Based on anthropologic theories and methodologies, it forces on film-making as the main studying contents. Based on Africa indigenous subjects, the article not only introduces a great number of ethnographic films, which have been made in Africa during the course of the development of Western visual anthropology, but also shows that the highly important values of these ethnography films in anthropological academy, and attempts to explore the turn and reflecivity of Western ethnographic film-making.