法国的非洲研究:视点、维度与路径

The African Studies in France:Views,Dimensions and Paths

本文从视点、维度与路径角度追溯了法国非洲研究的起源、发展历程以及当代法国非洲研究的新趋势和新特点。法国非洲研究起源于20世纪初,随后经历了多个发展历程:从'殖民官员学派'到'非洲学传统学派',至今天的'当代非洲学'。法国非洲研究,但总体上具有较好的连贯性,它以人文社会科学为主,各学科之间的发展此消彼长。总体上,当前法国非洲研究阵容更加强大,研究视角、研究领域和范围都更加广阔,但同时也受到国家经济不景气和财政预算下降的影响,以及学者研究方法分散,认识论不坚定等方面的挑战。与法国其他学科领域相比,今天法国的非洲研究还处在一种不稳定和矛盾的状态中。

This paper, in retrospect, studies the origin, developmenthistory as well as new trends and new features of African Studies in France fromthe viewpoint of views, dimensions and paths. Since the early twentieth Centu-ry, the French African studies has experienced several developing periods:from the 'School of colonial officials' to the 'School of Africanism', and tilltoday’s 'contemporary African studies'. Even though started a little bit late,the African studies in France has a good continuity in development in general;Its main body is various studies which are based on humanities and social sci-ences, and the developments of different disciplines is uneven, with a trend ofincreasing and decreasing. In general, it has a larger scale and a wider researchperspective and scope;but meanwhile, it also suffered from the economic re-cession and the reduction of state budget. Except this, the dispersion ofscholars’ research methods and their infirm epistemology also pose a challenge onAfrican studies in France. Comparing with other disciplines, the African Studiesin France today is still in a state of instability and conflict.