基于ArcSDE和ArcServer的生态环境数据库的构建

Construction of Eco-environmental Database Based on ArcSDE and ArcServer

生态环境数据的组织和管理是生态环境信息管理和生态环境保护的基础。3S技术的发展为生态环境数据的信息化提供了强有力的技术支持和解决方案。文章以东江流域为例分析和设计了生态环境数据库的总体架构,根据生态环境数据的特点,采用ArcSDE9.3+SQL Server 2005的集成模式构建空间数据库,基于ArcServer REST服务所构建的WebGIS在数据发布方面具有优势。通过提出数据库的"三级结构"概念模型、数据质量控制模型,解决生态环境数据的分布式存储、规范化管理和快速发布等问题,制定出了一套数据库分类与编码、数据库逻辑设计、关系类设计、数据质量控制、数据库存储设计和数据库发布的技术方案,构建出东江流域生态环境数据库与WebGIS,结果证明,此种方法适应于低成本、低硬件配置、开发周期短的数据库构建环境,且运行效率较高。为流域等大尺度区域的生态环境数据库的构建和发布提供参考实例和技术路线。

The organization and management of eco-environment was the foundation of eco-environmental information management and environmental protection. With the advance of Geographic Information System(GIS), Remote Sensing(RS)and Global Positioning System(GPS), 3S technology provided a powerful technology support and solutions for informationization of eco-environmental data. As a case study of Dongjiang River Watershed, general framework of construction of database was determined, and the characteristics of eco-environmental data were analyzed. The integration of ArcSDE9.3 and SQL Server 2005 was chosen to establish the eco-environmental database of Dongjiang River Watershed, and WebGIS based on ArcServer REST Service was used to publish tool-service(geoprocess service),data-service(map service/geocode service/globle service/image service/geometry service) of the database. Under the 'three-level structure' conceptual model of database and data quality control, solved the distributed storage of eco-environmental data、standardized management and instant publishing,and established a set of technical proposals,including data classification and code writing, logic design, design of relationship class, quality control, storage design and publishing of the database. We finally constructed the database of eco-environmental of Dongjiang River Watershed, which could be used to supply environmental protection of Dongjiang River Wa-tershed with eco-environmental data, LUCC(Land Use and Land Cover Change) data, geographic data, i.e..through the flat for the WebGIS,the public could participate in supervising and deciding the eco-environmental protection,and more importantly,it could be an interactive plat for the public to keep a watchful eye on eco-environment. These results demonstrated that this proposal is adapted to construct database of eco-environment with low cost, low hardware configuration and short development cycle. This study could provide a paradigm and technical solution for construction of eco-environmental database and WebGIS in watershed-scale.