2012年湖北省主要气象灾害分布及预警服务分析

Analysis on the Main Meteorological Disasters 2012 in Hubei Province and the Alerting Services

2012年湖北省全省平均气温除宜昌和十堰南部、鄂东北中北及江汉平原局部等地区略偏高以外,其它大部地区比常年偏低;年降水总量地域分布不均,呈南多北少的分布特征。夏季梅雨期较短、梅雨量弱,但局地强降雨造成较严重洪涝及地质灾害。2012年主要气象灾害有暴雨及其次生灾害、干旱、大风冰雹、雷电、雾霾等;气象灾害预警质量总体水平达到67%,为各级政府、部门、社会抗灾、救灾、避灾提供了科学决策依据。

The annual average temperature(AAT) are lower than average year in most areas of Hubei Province, except a little higher AAT in Yichang, southern of Shiyan, Northeastern Hubei and part of Jianghan Plain. The total annual precipitation(TAP) features unevenly in spatial and periodic distributions. Spatially, TAP in northern Hubei is over than southern Hubei area. Periodically, the rainy season in 2012 summer is a shorter period with weaker rainfall related to average year, but local heavy rainfall caused serious flood and geological disasters. The main meteorological disasters include rainstorm and its sec-ondary disasters, drought, wind and hail, lightning, fog and haze, etc. Overall, the average accuracy is about 67 % in meteorological disaster alerting, providing the evidences for local governments and communities to make scientific decisions for me-teorological disaster relief and prevention.