面向全过程管理的污染源编码体系研究

Coding Rules System for the Pollution Source oriented the Whole Course Management

污染源是中国环境保护监管的重要对象。文章从回顾中国污染源管理及污染源数据资料的现状入手,提出了污染源编码规则体系的组成框架,分析了污染源编码规则体系对环保监管业务的必要性。基于框架研究,阐述了编码规则体系中排污单位编码、产污设备编码、排污口编码、污染物处理设施编码的赋码对象、编码规则及编码应用说明。基于面向污染源产排过程的编码方案,进一步提出了构建污染源综合信息平台系统的框架,阐述了支撑平台系统的污染源数据库群组成结构,对促进环保部门间的污染源信息共享,更好地发挥环境信息化投资效益,提升污染源管理的科学化、精细化具有现实意义。

Pollution source is the core element of the environment protection management in China. Reviewing the Chinese environment protection management model and pollution source data, the necessary to pollution source code is analyzed and the architecture of pollution source coding and its composition is presented. The architecture of pollution source coding is composed of pollutant emission organization and its equipment of pollutants producing, sewage outfall, and the treatment fa-cility to pollutants. The coding rules of pollutant emission organization are composed of large type code of environmental pol-lution source, small type code and identification code of pollutant emission organization. The coding rules of pollutants pro-ducing equipment are composed of identification code, equipment code, feature code and serial number. The coding rules of sewage outfall are composed of identification code, category code and serial number. The coding rules of treatment facility to pollutants are composed of identification code, category code and serial number. Finally we propose to establish the frame-work of comprehensive information platform of pollution source based on the coding rules oriented the pollution source emis-sion process. Moreover, we also design the fundamental information database group for pollution source based on the coding rules system. The inherent characteristics of pollution source are the core in the database, which include fundamental geo-graphic spatial database and ecological environment spatial database. The implementation of information platform and pollu-tion source database group can promote the sharing inside departments of environment protection in China. In addition, it also improves investment benefit of environmental information, and makes the management to pollution source more scientific and granular.