江苏太湖流域建设用地扩展及景观格局分析

Urban Expansion and Landscape Pattern Analysis in Taihu Basin of Jiangsu Province

基于2000-2010年建设用地数据,利用ArcGIS 10.0软件识别并提取了3种建设用地扩展类型:边缘增长型、填充型和跳跃型,并分析了建设用地景观格局时空动态。结果表明:2000-2010年,江苏太湖流域建设用地面积增加了90.29%,无锡市建设用地的扩展速率最大,为97.56%。2000-2010年,江苏太湖流域边缘增长型占据了88.84%,其次是跳跃型与填充型。城市建设用地、农村建设用地、交通用地和工矿仓储用地,4种建设用地类型均以边缘增长型为主,尤其是交通用地,边缘增长型比重为99.033%,说明交通用地的增加是在原有的基础上向外扩展,矿仓储用地的增加,贯穿于城镇和农村建设用地的扩展。斑块数目和斑块密度呈现出不同程度的减少,说明在此期间,江苏太湖流域建设用地格局呈现出紧凑化的趋势。连接度指数(COHESION)数值比较大,而且呈增大的趋势,说明研究区建设用地斑块连通性比较好,分离度指数(SPLIT)呈现下降趋势,并且数值都不是很大,说明江苏太湖流域建设用地斑块的破碎化不是很严重,由于研究区土地资源有限,人口众多,因此决定了城市发展过程中,建设用地斑块聚集度和连通性较好,呈现片状增加的趋势。

Based on the construction land from 2000 to 2010, the construction land expansion types of infilling, edge-expansion and outlaying were recognized and extracted by ArcGIS 10.0 software. At the same time, the spatial and temporal dy-namics of landscape pattern were further analyzed. The results showed that the area of construction land in Taihu Basin of Jiangsu Province increased by 90.29%, the construction land expansion rate of Wuxi was the maximum for the period of 2000 to 2010 with 97.56%. The major construction land expansion type in Taihu Basin of Jiangsu Province was edge-expansion type, which occupied approximately 88.84%, and the followed were outlaying and infilling types. City construction land, rural construction land, traffic land and mining warehouse land, the four kinds of construction land type are mainly to edge-expan-sion type, especially traffic land, which occupied approximately 99.033%, explaining that the increase of traffic land is in the original basis of outward expansion, as well as the increase of mining warehouse land throughout the urban and rural construc-tion land. The patch number and patch density of were decreased, which meaned that the construction land use pattern showed a compact trend during the period in Taihu Basin of Jiangsu Province. However, they still kept the higher connectivity with the high COHESION values, which explained that the area construction land patch connectivity is better. The SPLIT de-creased with small numerical which meaned that the construction land patch fragmentation is not very serious in Taihu Basin of Jiangsu Province. Because of limited land resources and a large population in the study area, construction land patch had better aggregation and connectivity, and showed flake increase trend.