北京西城区住区居民的公园绿地可达性分析

The Parkland Accessibility Analysis of Beijing Xicheng District Settlements Residents

公园绿地是城市重要的景观元素,它的可达性往往是体现公园绿地给居民带来的益处能否被便捷享用的一个重要指标。居民区与公园绿地是被服务与服务的关系,二者在时间与空间上的关系尤为重要。以北京市西城区为例,基于ARCGIS软件平台,运用缓冲区分析方法,研究结果表明:整体上,作为大城市中心城区,西城区的公园绿地整体上分布的比较分散,绿地斑块小而密集;西城区的小区分布的相对比较密集,主要分布在西城区的南部,北部和西部,中部和东部较少;分析结果显示,西城区的公园绿地能满足大部分居民的需求,78%的公园绿地的可达性较好,在公园绿地1 250 m的缓冲半径内覆盖了1 857个小区,占西城区总小区数量的83%,能为西城区绝大多数的居民服务;除此之外,西城区的公园绿地还能为其周围的地区提供一定的服务。结论是城市的公园绿地配置应该具有分散性,且满足周边居民的短时间可达的需求。

Parkland is a major landscape element of the city, whose accessibility is an important indicator to evaluate whether the park bring convenience to enjoy for the residents. It is particularly important both in time and space, for the relationship between the residential areas and the parklands is mutual service. Here, based the ARCGIS 10.2 platform, we analyzed the accessibility of the parkland to the residents of the region in the Xicheng District, Beijing by buffering analysis. The research results showed that:(1)as a whole, the distribution of the parkland is comparatively disperse, the patches being small and dense; the distribution of the housing estate is relatively dense, mainly in the southern, the northern and the westward, less in the central regions and the eastern;(2)the result of the buffering analysis shows that the parkland of Xicheng District can meet the needs of the most residents, the accessibility of the 78% of the parkland is better, there being 1 857 cells in the buffering parkland of the radius of 1 250 meters, accounting for 83% of the total number of the cells, which can provide services for the most of the residents in the Xicheng District;(3)besides, the parkland of Xicheng District also can provide certain services for the surrounding areas. The conclusion is that the configuration of the city's parkland should have dispersion,and meet the needs of the short-time accessibility to the parkland for the surrounding residents.