宁波市雾霾公众认知及对通勤的影响

Public Perception of Smog and Its Effect on Commuting in Ningbo

2011年以来,中国大部分地区受到雾霾天气的影响。目前,雾霾作为环境公共危机事件大部分研究集中在其成因、预警系统、防治措施等方面,尚未对公众认知情况有深入研究。研究采用分层抽样法,对宁波市8个国控大气监测点附近居民进行调查,运用SPSS19.0软件进行数据分析,研究公众对雾霾的认知和通勤行为倾向。结果表明,公众认知与实际监测差异显著。雾霾影响出行方式选择的公众占一半,私家车和公共交通是雾霾天居民出行的首选,更多的私家车导致早晚高峰期空气质量进一步恶化,形成恶性循环。在出行时间可选的情况下,公众倾向于在中午、早晨和下午出行。对于通勤时间,52%的居民认为通勤时间受雾霾天气的影响,但通勤时间严重增加的比例不高。

Since 2011, most areas of China have been affected by smog. As a public environmental crisis, smog has mainly been studied with respect to its causes, alert systems, and prevention measures. However, in-depth research on the public per-ception of smog has not yet been conducted. A survey of residents living around eight state-controlled atmospheric environ-mental monitoring sites is conducted using stratified sampling. The collected data is statistically analyzed to investigate peo-ple’s perception and behavioral tendencies in smog weather. The results showed that people’s perception of smog differs greatly from actual conditions according to monitoring results. Fifty percent of the public change their travel mode because of smog. Private cars and public transport are people’s main choice in smog weather. Most people choose to go out during the early morning, at noon and in the afternoon if possible. Fifty-two percent of respondents indicated that smog increases traffic time, however the increase in time is limited.