海洋沉积物修复技术进展及发展方向初探

A Preliminary Study on the Progress and Development of Marine Sediment Remediation Technology

近年来,由于沿海城市化、工业化的快速发展,排海污染物急剧增加,海洋沉积物生态环境逐渐受到破坏。沉积物修复是未来海洋生态环境保护的组成部分和必要环节,然而目前相关修复工程技术尚不成熟,至实际应用尚有差距。针对该需求,该研究对国内外海洋沉积物以及与之相似的陆地水体沉积物和土壤的修复技术进行了梳理,从物理修复、化学修复和生物修复3个方向进行了分类综述,重点关注近年来沉积物修复的研究和实践中的应用进展。并针对海洋沉积物的分布特点,初步探讨了未来海洋沉积物大规模修复的思路。

In recent years,with the rapid development of coastal urbanization and industrialization,the marine pollutants sharply increase in amount,and the ecological environment for marine sediments suffers gradual damage.The remediation of sediments is a component part and essential element in the protection and preservation of marine eco-environment in the future.However,the technology related to remediation engineering remains immature at present,which barely fits the practical purposes.This paper analyzed the remediation technology for marine sediments at home and abroad,as well as the similar land and water sediments and the earth.Three types of remediation technology were reviewed in this paper,namely,the physical,chemical and biological remediation.Furthermore,the main focus of the paper is the ongoing research and practice on sediment remediation in recent years.Considering the distribution features of marine sediments,finally,the paper makes preliminary discussions on large-scale remediation of future marine sediments.