我国高原型湖泊沉积物重金属污染评价研究

Heavy Metal Pollution of Sediments of Plateau Lakes in China

通过收集中国不同研究区域高原型湖泊沉积物重金属含量,参照全国土壤质量等级标准值和各区域土壤背景值,统计了中国高原型湖泊沉积物重金属的含量范围及超标情况。通过潜在生态风险评价,计算分析了中国高原型湖泊沉积物重金属潜在生态风险,其结果显示单个重金属潜在生态风险(E_r^i)顺序为Cd>Hg>As>Cu>Ni>Pb>Zn>Cr;从综合潜在生态风险指数(RI)与多因子污染物污染程度(C_d)参数来看,滇池草海与乌梁素海污染最为严重,滇池外海、红枫湖、呼伦湖正在成为潜在生态风险区域,并且沉积物中Cd、Hg、As共同成为这5个湖泊潜在生态风险贡献率的主要金属元素。

Based on related researches and data collected of concentrations and background values on heavy metals in sediments of plateau lakes in China,statistics taken for ranges of heavy metals concentrations and beyond-standard situation.The sequence of individual potential ecological risk(E_r^i) of heavy metal is Cd>Hg>As>Cu>Ni>Pb>Zn>Cr;Combined general potential ecological risk index(RI) and multiple-factor pollution grades(C_d) ,the result indicated that the severest pollted of heavy metals in Caohai section of Dianchi Lake and Wuliangsuhai Lake,Waihai section of Dianchi Lake 、Hongfeng Lake and Hulun Lake have turned into potential ecological risk area,and Cd、Hg、As in sediments have became main rates of contribution of potential ecological risk in above plateau lakes.