新宝象河浮游生物群落结构与环境因子的关系

The Community Structure of Plankton in Treatmented Xinbaoxiang River and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors

新宝象河是滇池流域典型的城市城郊复合型河流,污染因素复杂,污染治理困难。从"十一五"以来,昆明市针对新宝象河城郊、城区和河口段的不同特征,有针对性地采取了系列综合整治措施,水质和水生态得到了明显改善。论文采用描述性统计分析、典范对应分析和冗余分析等方法,分析了治理工程之后,新宝象河的浮游生物群落结构特征和主要水环境因子,探讨了水环境因子与浮游生物群落结构特征的关系,在此基础上对新宝象河的生态恢复效果进行了评估。结果显示治理工程之后,新宝象河中浮游生物主要受水温影响而呈现出明显的季节性变化,空间分布差异性已不显著;浮游植物的环境影响因子包括水温、SS和DO,COD和氮磷污染的影响已不显著;浮游动物环境影响因子主要是水温、SS和COD,氮磷污染负荷对其群落结构影响已不显著。表明经过综合整治之后,新宝象河生态环境已有了明显的改善,水质处于较为清洁状态,水生态环境处于生态修复阶段,主要污染因子氮磷和COD对浮游生物群落结构的影响已不再明显。

Xinbaoxiang River is a typical multi-type river flowing through the suburban and urban areas around the Dianchi Lake Basin. The river is complicated in pollution factors, so the treatment works are very difficult. During the period of the11 th five-year plan, according to the different characteristics of estuary, urban and suburban, several remedial works were im-plemented in Xinbaoxiang River. After the implementation of those remedial works, the water environment had been obvious-ly improved. In this paper, many methods such as descriptive statistics analysis, canonical correspondence analysis and redun-dancy analysis were used to analyze the plankton community structure in the inflow river, identify the main water environ-mental factors affecting plankton community structure, and discuss the relationship between water environmental factors and plankton community structure. The results show that the difference of space distribution is not remarkable, and showing an obvious seasonal variation trend mainly affected by water temperature. The most important environmental impact factors of phytoplankton were water temperature, SS and DO, other than organic pollution and nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. The most important environmental impact factors of zooplankton were water temperature, SS and organic pollution, and the nitro-gen and phosphorus pollution load had no obvious influence on its community structure. The results showed that after compre-hensive treatment the ecological environmental of Xinbaoxiang River has been obviously improved, and the water quality is in a cleanly state. When the river is in the ecological restoration stage and the nitrogen, phosphorus and COD in low concentra-tions, the effect on plankton community structure are no longer obviously.