抗生素菌渣理化性质分析

Analysis of Physical and Chemical Properties of Antibiotic Bacterial Residue

抗生素菌渣于2008年被列入《国家危险废物名录》。为了进一步了解抗生素菌渣的理化性质,该文选取β-内酰胺类中的青霉素和头孢菌素C,四环类中的土霉素,氨基糖苷类中的链霉素,大环内酯类中的林可霉素,多肽类中的杆菌肽这6种抗生素的干基菌渣进行工业分析、元素分素、重金属检测、多环芳烃检测、红外光谱分析、热重分析和热值分析。实验结果表明,抗生素干基菌渣中挥发分含量高,组成元素以C、O、N、H为主,林可霉素、土霉素、青霉素中部分重金属超标,多环芳烃均在国标限值之内。傅立叶红外光谱分析证明菌渣中主要含有蛋白质、糖类化合物。菌渣的热重分析根据质量变化速率可以分为水分析出、挥发分析出、炭化三阶段。菌渣干基热值均高于褐煤热值,有利于菌渣进行热处理,湿基菌渣热值较低。菌渣的理化性质研究为抗生素菌渣处理处置和资源化回收利用提供了理论基础。

antibiotic bacterial residue was listed in the national hazardous waste list in 2008. In order to further understand the physical and chemical properties of antibiotics bacterial residue, this paper selected six kinds of dry antibiotic bacterial residue,the penicillin and cephalosporin C in beta lactam,oxytetracycline in tetracycline, streptomycin in aminoglycoside, Lin-comycin in macrolide, bacitracin in polypeptide antibiotics to do industry analysis, detection of heavy metal element, detec-tion of PAHs, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and calorific value. The experimental results show that the dry residue contain high volatile and mainly made of elements of C, O, N, and H, some heavy metal in lincomycin, oxytetra-cycline and penicillin in some heavy metal exceed the standard, PAHs are in the national standard limit. Fu Liye infrared spectrum analysis showed that protein and saccharide compounds were mainly found in the residue. The thermogravimetric analysis of bacterial residue can be divided into three stages: water precipitation, volatile precipitation and carbonization ac-cording to the quality change rate. The calorific value of dry residue of bacterial residue is higher than that of lignite, which is beneficial to heat treatment of bacterial residue, and the calorific value of wet base residue is lower. The physical and chemi-cal properties of bacterial residue provide a theoretical basis for the treatment, disposal and recycling of antibiotic residues.