沂蒙山区大型水库水体悬浮物的时空变化

The Spatial and Temporal Variations of the Total Suspended Solids on Surface Water in a Large Reservoir of Yimeng Mountain Area

水体悬浮物(TSS)含量作为衡量水质环境的重要指标,也是水域生态系统营养结构的一个重要体现。文章选取2015年5月-2016年8月云蒙湖11个采样点,分析了云蒙湖TSS的时空分布特征、组成、变化规律。研究结果表明:透明度平均值为64.22 cm,变化范围为15～145 cm;云蒙湖TSS浓度季节变化和区域变化显著,TSS含量变化在2.44～125.00 mg/L之间,平均值为21.24 mg/L。总体上沿水流方向,由入湖区向湖泊区递减,水库总体处于中-富营养水平。TSS含量最高值出现在2015年夏季,其平均值为36.01 mg/L。云蒙湖水体中无机悬浮物(NVSS)和有机悬浮物(VSS)所占悬浮物的比例相差不大,分别为59.09%和49.01%,但是TSS组成在空间分布上差异较大,两个支流的入湖区主要以NVSS为主,而对于湖泊区,则是VSS占优势。悬浮物来源兼具外源性和内源性,内源性有机碎屑占水体有机颗粒的较大部分。水体中TSS与Chl.a、TP均具有显著正相关关系,VSS与Chl.a呈显著正相关关系,与透明度具有显著负相关关系(p<0.01)。

The contents of total suspended solids(TSS)can be used as the important index for water environment evaluation,and it plays an important role in aquatic ecosystem.The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics,composition and change rule of total suspended solids of 11 sites in Yunmeng Lake were analyzed by field survey from May 2015 to July2016 for comprehensive understanding.The results showed that the water transparency in Yunmeng Lake ranged from 15 cm to 145 cm with a mean value of 64.22 cm;the seasonal and regional variations of the concentration of TSS in Yunmeng Lake are significant.The content of TSS ranges from 2.44 mg/L to 125.00 mg/L with the mean value of 21.42 mg/L.In the horizontal distribution,the components of the TSS are generally decreased along the flow direction,with the highest value in the river estuary and the lowest value in the lacustrine zone.It is the highest in August 2015 with the mean value of 36.01 mg/L.Non-volatile suspended solids(NVSS)and Volatile suspended solids(VSS)almost took the same proportion of TSS in the whole lake,with the value of 59.09%and 49.01%,respectively.While significant spatial heterogeneity existed in the composition ratio.NVSS was the main composition of the two river estuaries,but the TSS of lacustrine zone mainly existed in organic component.The source of TSS was both exogenous and endogenous,and endogenous organic detritus accounted for a large percentage of organic particles.The correlation analysis results showed that TSS has significantly positive correlation with Chl.a and TP,VSS has significantly positive correlation with Chl.a and has markedly negative relationship with transparency,in the water(p<0.01).